These are moderate-sized blood-sucking pests, about 3/8th to 5/8th of an inch. The females bite mammals, males suck plant juices and about any liquid. They are common in wooded areas, especially foothills and mountains. Females are yellow-gray with black spots, males are black with yellow-gray spots. Deer flies are related to Horse flies.

Life Cycle:

Hundreds of eggs are deposited on objects located near a water source. In about a week, they hatch with the larvae going into the water to feed on organic materials. They pupate above the water level, becoming adults in a short period of time. Adults emerge from May-August. There can be two or more generations in a year.

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